would be something of an understatement to say that the world of public libraries is changing at the time. On the one hand, the rise of open access means that people are increasingly able to find information online that took place earlier in tight rows of volumes stored on shelves in the library. On the other hand, the reluctance of publishers of electronic books to give up a key role of traditional libraries in danger. So what should public libraries are in the digital age? Eric F. Van de Velde wrote aa fascinating exploration of this question, and suggestions.

Here's the problem:

The value proposition of loans based on digital paper and are fundamentally different. A library on paper the construction of a permanent infrastructure: the collections, buildings, and catalogs are assets that continue to pay dividends in the future. However, the resources invested in the loans are pure digital head. This includes time spent by personnel licensing, development and maintenance of authentication systems, OpenURL, proxy and web servers, and software development to provide a unified interface to disparate systems, content distributors.

this means:

Libraries need a different vision for the digital future, which focuses on strengthening the digital infrastructure. We must preserve the traditional values ??of the library, not the traditional library institutions, processes and services.

So how could
in practice?

budgets by gradually acquiring the conversion of grant budgets, libraries could become open access customers. It can hold grant competitions for the production of works of open access. For works and artists who also sponsor the goals of your community, each library contributes to an open-access digital library Standing for everyone. Editors have a role in the development of grant proposals covering all stages of production and marketing of the work. In addition to producing works of open access, commercial publishers could develop value-added services. Finally, innovative markets, as developed by Gluejar enable libraries (and other) to acquire the digital rights to commercial works and release them.

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Labour MP has criticized the games in the past, said stronger precautions must be taken before the games were released

Labour MP Keith Vaz tabled a motion calling on the eve of stricter controls on the government of violent video games.

The motion, filed on April 24, refers to Anders Breivik, who shot and killed 69 people on the island of Utøya, Norway, in July 2011.

Breivik states that were prepared for the attack by playing the great success of first-person shooter, Call of Duty.

In the text accompanying the EDM, Vaz said: "[the house] notes that in his testimony before the court Breivik describes how he was trained by the attacks that use the video game Call of Duty: Modern War. "

while the text says that the house, "Breivik concerned that using the game to help refine their" target acquisition "and the suggestion that the simulation prepared for attacks."

Although all parties should carry age-rating limit their sale to children, Vaz critical current PEGI system not to try to limit what he calls ultra-violent content.

Labour MP is a regular critic of violent games and has made similar proposals in the past.

last year filed a motion on Call of Duty:. Modern Warfare 3 claiming a similarity between "terrible" game, scenes set in the London underground and the terrorist attacks of July 2005
aa Call of Duty series is one of the biggest entertainment franchises in the world. The newest product, Modern Warfare 3 broke records last December when he won a billion dollars in revenue just 17 days after its release.

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Internet innovative in the world will speak at the Guardian Activate conference in New York. Follow live coverage of the day here and Pia @ AdamGabbatt

9:50:

Reid Hoffman, co-founder and CEO of LinkedIn

been subject of a Q & A with Jeff Jarvis.

Jarvis starts asking about the "openness" and what he means by Hoffman. This is the freedom to write, freedom of expression, freedom to act, says Hoffman. Transparency is important in government and journalism.

journalism platforms are important, says Hoffman. Regarding the reality of making money in journalism, "nobody has ever seen a content model that works," he added.

Hoffman and kick Jarvis speaks as an example of openness and a way to test whether a market exists. Hoffman says companies are not as limited by capital as people think. He said that despite kick is used as a form of project financing, which may not be able to implement across the enterprise, these products could result in companies.

We see many threats to the opening, said Jarvis. Is Hoffman sees a threat to the open internet?

There are three different zones, according to Hoffman. One is the government, because people think they are better than they are the architects, the second area is that we have to look out for companies trying to go to a state where they have a dominant position. This can harm the ecosystem. The third is paid by the consumer. Consumers do not approach the net with the philosophy: "I do my best for the ecosystem," do what is best for them now.

finished with a few questions from the audience. A man named Nathan says he feels we are at the beginning of the social. What Hoffman thinks?

Hoffman agrees. We are "just the beginning." They become deeper and richer. One thing that is difficult to predict the future is "always faster" than you think.

now a question about volunteering - LinkedIn recently added a voluntary aspect to their service.

Any organization should consider a "good for the mission" and a "profit mission," said Hoffman. LinkedIn has added a voluntary aspect of their service recently, an example is looking for professionals with some experience who can serve as members of the board of directors of nonprofit organizations. He believes that all businesses should do.

The Internet is "new," said Jarvis. Although some people believe the Internet is changing things very quickly, Jarvis believes that we are going through change "to a very slow pace." But today we have the opportunity to explore this change, with the present representatives of journalism, technology and government. The merger of the business of journalism and technology, said Jarvis. He believes that "the government should be open by default and that the secret of necessity" which will be discussed later.

Presentation of the editor in chief Guardian, Alan Rusbridger said Jarvis is the "best newspaper publisher in the world." If you read, "I agree, Alan!" (# Suckup).

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jurors whether they search giant violated copyright in parts of the Java programming language in the first two major questions

Jurors began deliberating on Monday

the first of two major issues in the trial of Oracle-Google. If Google violates copyright Oracle in parts of the Java programming language

After two weeks of legal argument and review of large, including witnesses Executives of the company, Larry Ellison of Oracle and Google, Larry, counsel for both sides put their case to the jury.

Oracle is suing Google in U.S. federal court, alleging that the search giant's mobile platform Android violates its patents and copyrights in Java, and is seeking around $ 1 billion (£ 616m) in damages for copyright.

Two years ago, Oracle paid about $ 7.4 billion to buy Sun Microsystems, the acquisition of Java, the programming that is embedded in the Android smart phone technology to the inauguration.

In court Monday, Oracle attorney Michael Jacobs, said that parts of Java software that Google copied - the application programming interfaces that define the functions, have become very creative talent to compose. "It's like creating a symphony," Jacobs said during his speech.

Oracle also said that Google had copied 37 packets of 166 APIs used in Java -. "I think you can see because we talk a lot about" Google uses Java in Android is not covered by fair use a small piece for other purposes, Oracle said the lawyer.

"The fundamental question is:? Can anyone use the property of another company without your permission, and for them" He likened it to camp on the land of someone without asking - and added that blogposts written by the previous management of Sun on what could or could not do with Java is not legal advice rather than the number of licenses

"violation of copyright requires something of the copy. It was copied here because Google knew he could not use the Sun Java source code," said Van Nest.

said that the correct comparison of the API was 37 with 2.8 million lines of code in Java -. Unlike Jacobs API compared to 166

"API is not a book, not a game, not a song, not a poem," he said - only a functional component which allows developers to access source code

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We Collier major producer of Capcom's upcoming RPG innovative for an exclusive interview during his visit to London

Japanese publishers have always inspired a cult following among players in the know - and perhaps no more than Capcom. Best known in recent years for three franchises - Resident Evil, Street Fighter and Devil May Cry - which of course was characterized as a provider of action and adventure beat-em-up games

But is preparing to enter the competitive field, but potentially rewarding RPG open world with the dogma of the Dragon, who notoriously avoids the typical Japanese model that blends turn-based RPG game with graphics animated. In fact, the dogma of the Dragon of the action in real time, setting fantasy game giant medieval world and put more in the mind of the caliber of Skyrim, and the ability to download more opponents to focus their attacks adds a touch of Shadow of the Colossus. We talked to the Dogma Dragon producer, Hiroyuki Kobayashi (better known as a leading figure in the game Devil May Cry), in a rare visit to London.

Therefore, Mr. Kobayashi, who made the dogma of the Dragon - certainly a starting point for Capcom - come from? "Firstly, I'm glad you think it does not look like a regular title from Capcom. Wanted to try something new, and go in this kind of open world RPG, but of course, include all elements of Capcom have in many of our games. The first idea started with Hideaki Itsuno, game director, and just when that Devil May Cry 4 over, we started to talk about that next big game that we wanted to do.

"Itsuno-san loves the Lord of the Rings, for example. And when I was in elementary school, he read many books choose your own adventure. So it was a source of inspiration. Another was to return to The Lord of the Rings, how many films are shown - we wanted to create epic battles There are many games where you fight the bosses, cut and cut at his feet, but we wanted to add that. when in fact it is up to these enemies and target their weaknesses so that you can get on a Cyclops and purpose for the eye - this kind of thing .. I really wanted to create the realism of the power to destroy the giant enemies, like in the movies.

"In history, the main character is named emerged, and early in the game, he or she - you can choose - is a city you visit a dragon, and take your heart, Thus begins his chest, towards more of a hero in this world, and is on a quest to get his heart back a lot of questions people have - .. like, why the dragon will steal your heart instead of a another, or why it beckons you to come and beat him - these are mysteries that will achieve this as the story progresses "

Not just another role playing game

Action-wise, Kobayashi says the dogma of the Dragon, despite being a first attempt at an RPG, it retains the spirit that pervades other Capcom franchises more focused on action: "For example, if you take a tap and press on the fly, as long as you maintain, you can continue the battle in the air and bring down this road. And you can do things like keep an enemy by attacking pawns. can capture enemies and throw them over cliffs. This action, I think, separation dragon dogma of many other fantasy games. "

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A mini-laboratory genetic test developed by researchers at the University of Alberta to begin commercial trials in one year. The Domino system offers a portable, inexpensive and powerful conventional laboratories offering a range of possibilities to the point of care diagnostic tests, including blood-borne diseases like malaria and those affecting farm animals. .. Continue reading mini-laboratory accepts accessible on the site based on DNA testing


Article:
Health and wellness

• Tags:
• cancer, diseases, genetics, Lab on a chip, microfluidics, nanotechnology, University of Alberta under / yy>

related articles:

Cancer cells detected using a digital camera $ 400
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The Battle

Google

with Oracle may have profound implications of patents, but the jury ruled by personal criteria lego

A owns fifty percent of a 767 jumbo jet, the other flying a Russian MiG-29 fighter (and tried his hand during simulated combat).

This week, Larry Page, 39, co-founder of Google, Larry Ellison, CEO of 67 years and owner of Oracle Chief MiG, having to testify in court San Francisco, their companies are facing allegations that elements of software for mobile phone from Google are copied without a license owned by Oracle software.

The opposite case of Silicon Valley "old money" against a new generation. Ellison made his pile of production software for large organizations in the days before the Internet changed everything, top business succeeds precisely because of the Internet revolution

The two companies are the same size, with $ 38 billion (£ 23.6bn) in annual revenues and $ 8 billion and 9 billion in revenues. In the complaint, filed in August 2010, Oracle accuses Google of violating copyright and patent related to the Java programming language, acquired with Sun Microsystems in April 2009. This is the biggest legal battle in the technology sector since 1998 when the U.S. Department of Justice sued Microsoft for violating antitrust law - and won

Although Microsoft has survived to the following sanctions ordered by the court, was never the same. And the effect could be very important if Oracle wins. It would, say observers, protection of copyright on the elements of a programming language known as "API" - the application programming interfaces - that tell the software how to run specific commands. "This could turn the industry on its head," said Mark Webbink, Executive Director of the Center for Law School Innovation Patent in New York, San Francisco Mercury. It could also lead to struggles over the copyright of many in an industry that is already sold and care in case of patent claim, such as those between Apple and Android mobile phone companies.

For Google, this could mean the payment of royalties for each copy of uses Android - now on phones and tablets of 300 meters around the world - which would go against what is free use

. Lawyer

Oracle

leader is David Boies, who acted for the Government of the United States against Microsoft, Bill Gates is famous until "evasive and unresponsive" (to quote a observer) in a video statement in which it asked the meaning of "race" and "ask" and frequently answered "I do not remember."

Boies In reviewing the page this week, there was what seemed echoes of those moments. Page has been well aware of this - when it launched Google with Sergey Brin and adopted a company motto of "Do not be evil", the couple had bad Microsoft's actions in the spirit

Boies tried to get the page, wearing a shirt and tie rather than the more informal march from the headquarters of Google, said he thought it was free of Java. Page was elusive to the extent that Judge William Alsup - who chaired a number of high-tech tests - said to answer. "Yes, no, I do not know or do not remember" page frequently chosen to Moreover, according to court reports.

But Ellison did not escape unscathed. In a video earlier testimony, asked if someone could use Java without paying royalties, he replied: "That's right" - but on a candlestick, he replied: "You do not know." His testimony on the stand and contradict the video appeared more than once.

Google says that Java is open to anyone to use, and uses the same names for elements that are pleaded that the parts of speech such as verbs or nouns, and can not be with author rights. Oracle says they are the creative work - "building blocks" to quote Ellison - and thus attract copyright, and that Google has violated this. He is demanding a payment of several million dollars and a reduction in revenue from the Google search and buy on Android - the latter a figure Google has fought hard to keep secret

The trial has already surprises. Ellison said Oracle - a software company - had been considered but rejected the purchase of BlackBerry maker RIM and Palm smart phone company (it closed and since the acquisition by Hewlett-Packard)

Page surprised viewers who heard him rave about the growing use of smartphones created by the software Android. Asked whether Android is a major asset for Google, said: "It was important that I would not say critical.". For increasing efforts to those of observation of Google to stay ahead of changing mobile Internet - Internet enabled phones are expected to outnumber PCs online from next year to 1.82bn 1.78bn - was unexpected minimize Android

In industry, the sympathies are divided. Oracle is known as a tough negotiator and pleaded fierce plunges customers well into his embrace. Ellison is the public face, a billionaire born in New York a single mother and an Air Force pilot. He led battles with bitter rivals, married and divorced four times, is the owner of one of the largest yachts in the world and many exotic cars. Oracle is not the kind of frivolous society have on the site, unlike the irresponsible culture of Google.

The site Groklaw - support open source software, reports and patents has been running daily transcripts of court officers - Oracle is clearly the bad guys. Ellison may also have horns.

However, some in the industry to sympathize with him. They are the sun was useless and let Google run around, as it did for others. "Ten years ago we left Java for our products, as it was something like 95% open source, meaning it is not open source," said Richard Zybert, Zybert Computing in Birmingham, which makes servers, routers and USB devices, The Guardian. "I have mixed feelings about it. Oracle are idiots, but I think Google does not know what they were doing. It is only when you grow up like that, you get careless. This is not the first time, Google has acted as the law was of little people. "

Oracle Can

copyright a programming language

Larry Ellison, Oracle CEO.

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fourth day of trial hears evidence from an engineer at Google, where email is considered as the central axis, while another staff member suggested including API design work

A Google engineer, testifying at a trial between high-risk enterprises against the software company Oracle search giant Google, denied that refers to Oracle or any other company when he wrote in an e- mail that Google should take a license to use the Java programming language.

another Google engineer who specializes in the Java programming language, said he had copied from the Java code in Android, and suggested that the software interfaces known as APIs are designed - that with Oracle trying to prove they can be owned, could be an important piece of evidence.

The trial entered its fourth day Thursday with Google engineer Tim Lindholm - author of an email whose eligibility key from both sides are competing fiercely in the pre-trial - to take support to respond questions. The focus was on an email written in 2010, which became an essential element of proof in this case.

Oracle has sued Google in August 2010, saying the system Google Android mobile operating violates their copyrights and patents for the Java programming language. Google responded that it violates patents Oracle Oracle and parts can not copyright of Java, an "open source", or the public, language of the software.

In opening statements, counsel for Oracle shows several emails from Google to the jury, calling them evidence that Google has taken its first intellectual property.

Lindholm was also asked about the importance of the API - Application Programming Interfaces -. Oracle says they are covered by copyright

"As a software engineer, not a lawyer, who has always been my understanding of the organization of software APIs are free for use by others," he said.
Then Google said Christa Anderson's lawyer during interrogation that he understood the Oracle software on which you claim copyright except for use by others.

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Oracle says Google uses Java illegally Google counters that Oracle began its suit only after renouncing the intelligent breed

Oracle CEO Larry Ellison admitted that he wanted to compete with Google's Android software in the smartphone market before deciding instead to sue his potential rival for breach of copyright and patents.

Ellison said the second day of a trial that looks at two related high-tech to face each other.

Ellison said that Oracle considers diversification beyond the heart of business software database and the purchase of a manufacturer of smart phones, including Palm and BlackBerry, Research in Motion .

place, Palm was acquired by Hewlett-Packard for about $ 1 billion (£ 628m) two years ago, while RIM is trying to recover losses mounting that accumulated as the BlackBerry been invaded by the Apple iPhone and Android phones.

"I had an idea that could compete with everyone in the smartphone business," Ellison said, when asked by counsel for Google. "It was an idea I wanted to explore . We explored and decided it was a bad idea. "

Ellison, who is among the richest people in the world, took place after Google searches opening remarks to frame the case as a response to Oracle's own failure to build mobile software.

Ellison told a full house in San Francisco federal Google was the only company he knew he had not taken one of three types of Java license, while others from Samsung had at Amazon. "Just because something is open source, does not mean you can do what you want with it," he said.

Ellison said that in 2010, tried to convince the then chief executive of Google, Eric Schmidt, Larry Page and current CEO to take on a new version of Java in Android, Android and more compatible with industry standards. These talks failed.

Google said it is not in violation of patents, Oracle and can not be certain parts of the copyright of Java.

Page There were other occasions during his testimony, however, when looked wrong. At some point, Google's lawyer, Robert Van Nest Ellison recalled all the good things he had to say about Android and Google, during an appearance on stage in 2009, when Oracle was still waiting regulatory approval to buy Sun

Before Ellison, took the stand, Van Nest also tried to convince the jury that Sun Microsystems has encouraged and supported the use of Java on Google Android. This contrasts with opening statements Monday by Oracle attorney Michael Jacobs, who was on the e-mail messages indicating that Google executives had known for years to paid leave some parts of Java technology he helped create Android.
In his counterpoint Van Nest Tuesday, said that most e-mails cited by counsel were sent to Oracle in 2005 and 2006, when Google and Sun have been discussing a partnership to create Android.

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search engine company said that there has been an alarming increase in applications to remove the political content of the Internet

has been an alarming increase in the number of times the government tried to censor the Internet over the last six months, according to a report from Google.

Since the search engine has released its latest half-yearly transparency, said he had seen an alarming increase in applications to remove the political content. Many of these requests came from Western democracies are not always associated with censorship.

was said that the Spanish regulators have asked Google to remove links from 270 blogs and newspaper articles critical of public figures. It does not comply. Poland has asked to remove an article critical of the Polish Agency for Enterprise Development and eight other results that link to the article. Again, the venture failed.

Google has been asked by Canadian officials to remove a video on YouTube of a citizen to urinate in your passport and flushed down the toilet. He refused.

Thai authorities asked Google to remove videos from YouTube 149 for allegedly insulting the monarchy, a violation of the law of lese majeste in Thailand. The company experienced 70% of applications.

In a blog post, Dorothy Chou, Google policy analyst, wrote: "Unfortunately, what we have seen over the past two years has been of concern, and today n ' is no different when these began to spread data., in 2010, we realized that government agencies of different countries, sometimes ask us to remove the political content that our users have posted our services. We hoped that this was an aberration . But now we know not.

during the six months covered by the latest report, Google complied with an average of 65% of court orders, compared to 47% more informal requests.
Last month, Google announced it would receive more than one million requests per month from the copyright owners trying to get their content from search results Company.

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researchers push to lift the embargo on publishers by default in the tens of equipment to digitize thousands of documents to find links between genes and diseases

Professor Peter Murray-Rust has been seeking new ways to make better drugs. Dr. Heather Pivovar wanted to track scientific papers were presented and shared by researchers around the world. Dr. Casey Bergman wanted to create a way for physicians and scientists who quickly browse the latest research in genetics, to help treat patients and to advance their research.

They need access to tens of thousands of research papers at once, so they can use computers to find patterns that are not watched and associations through the millions words in the articles. This technique, called text mining is an essential part of 21st century research methods. It uses powerful computers to find links between drugs and side effects, or genes and diseases, which are hidden within the vast scientific literature. These are the conclusions that the person traveling through the documents one by one, may not notice.

This is a technique with great potential. A report by the McKinsey Global Institute last year said that "large data" technologies such as text mining and data has the potential to create ? 250 billion (200 billion pounds) of economic value Annual of Europe, if researchers are allowed to make full use of it.

Unfortunately, in most cases, text mining is prohibited. Bergman, Murray Rust, Pivovar and countless other academics that are blocked by the techniques of the most modern research, because the big publishing houses like Macmillan, Elsevier and Wiley, who control the distribution of most of the academic literature the world, by default do not allow text mining for their content behind paywalls expensive.

such a project requires special permission - and lengthy negotiations with individual -. Dozens of publishers that may be involved

"This is the key factor that impedes progress in this area," said Robert Kiley, head of digital at the Wellcome Trust. "For many people, even if the promise is there, activation effort is too great. "

The restrictions imposed by publishers in text mining has led activists to see the issue as another front in the battle for the fruit of research financed by public funds through the "Open access ", available at the point of use. This would enable researchers to determine the content freely, without seeking any additional authorization.

The scale of new information in modern science is staggering: over 1.5 million scientific articles are published each year and the volume of data doubles every three years. No individual can hold a volume, and scientists need computers to help them digest and make sense of information.

Bergman, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Manchester, uses text mining to create a tool to help scientists make sense of the research literature increasingly on genetics. Although the genetic sequences of living organisms are publicly available, discussions on what sequences are and how they interact is in the text of scientific articles that are behind all paywalls.

Working with Max

Haeussler, University of California, Santa Cruz, Bergman came with Text2genome, which identifies text strings in thousands of items that look like letters in a DNA sequence, a gene, for example - and linking all documents that mention or discuss this sequence. Text2genome could allow a doctor or a researcher can not be an expert in a particular gene to access relevant documentation quickly and easily. Haeussler Text2genome trying to grow, however, have hit a wall, and his blog is a litany of problems trying to get a permit from the scores of publishers to download and add items to the project. "If we do not have access to documents relating to the exploration of text, we can not make these connections," says Bergman.

Murray-Rust, a chemist at Cambridge University, has used text mining to find ways to make chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, the most effective.

"If you have a compound that does not know how to do this is similar to that they know how to do, then the machine would be able to offer a number of methods that allow you to do. "

But despite their university subscribes to magazines you need to do this job, you may not use the content of what he calls "a modern form, using machines. "

Wise said that, in principle, his company was happy to allow text mining for their content. "We want to help researchers improve their knowledge and understanding, we want to help advance science and health and want to be able to do so to help you get the most benefit from the content we publish. Text mining is clearly a part of this landscape and will remain, and are ready to support him. "

The UK government supports open access to public funded research and operating license text. In a report of the Intellectual Property Office last year on intellectual property and growth, Professor Ian Hargreaves proposes that researchers should be allowed to sections of the mine to the text already entered - a position supported by organizations funding of science, such as

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