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Did I mention that this is going to be an all-encompassing guide on RAM? No? Well it is, so those of you who already know what RAM is for and how it works can skip ahead.
IBM's latest supercomputer Watson has 16TB of RAM. Overkill?
You may have noticed the absence of any recommendations relating to 3, 6, and 12GB solutions. That's because achieving 6GB of RAM, for example, requires an odd combination of DIMMs (memory sticks). In this example, you would need three 2GB DIMMs, meaning you would not be able to run them in a Dual Channel Configuration.
So you've figured out how much RAM you need, but how fast should it be? Well, for the best results, it should be as fast as your motherboard allows. This would be for anyone who wants to be on the bleeding edge of performance, like a hardcore gamer. The average consumer won't have much need for the fastest RAM in the world, and that stuff can get pretty expensive. Instead, DDR3-1600 is a nice middle ground. It's still fast, but not so fast that it costs a hefty premium.
But wait! Before you run down to the store and fork over all of your hard earned money for fastest rated RAM you can find, there's one more thing to consider: Latency. Memory modules are also rated in "Timings," generally a sequence of numbers, such as 9-9-9-24. The most useful of these is the first number known as the CAS Latency. This is the number of clock cycles it takes the RAM to access a column of data (the smaller the better), and in conjunction with the speed of the RAM, can be used to calculate its response time. The formula is
A SO-DIMM is a miniaturized version of a regular DIMM, generally used in laptops and other low profile systems. Just like a full sized DIMM, it's important not to mix up DDR, DDR2, and DDR3 modules.
WILL A DDR3-2000 DIMM WORK WITH A DDR3-1600 MOTHERBOARD?
Website will notify operators when commuters have complaints about rail, bus, tube and ferry services
The project has had support from Transport for London, which looks after transport in the capital involving trains, buses, underground trains, cycle hire and ferries, say Myfanwy Nixon of MySociety. "It gets very complicated because some operators' problems - say, with accessibility for wheelchair users - have also to be reported to TfL as well as the operator."
Flaw could have let attackers steal passwords and data from apparently secure connections to Google sites such as Gmail
Security experts warn that a web-certificate is used, which could allow hackers to steal passwords and data from seemingly secure connections to websites such as Google Gmail.
Internet users in Iran will most likely be used at particular risk from rogue SSL certificate that digitally "character" HTTPS connections to each google.com website and it was approved by a Dutch company called DigiNotar 10th July will be issued. In particular, dissidents who trust Google 's have for their safety in the attack targeted.
DigiNotar - which has no direct commercial relationship with Google - has not said who the certificate was issued, but the effect would be that anyone think it could secure in one place, and that their communications would be encrypted logged in, but instead attacker control of the network could eavesdrop on all their attacks, including passwords. This is known as "Man in the middle" or "MITM" to attack.
The first person said to have the rogue certificate, seems to ask an Iranian user who posted about them on a Google support forum, whether it was aware of a MITM attack. The problem was to be observed on several Internet service providers, leading to concerns of the government, there might use it to monitor dissidents and steal login details.
The user also stated that links to google.com to take a longer way than links to youtube.com, yahoo.com and bing.com seemed. The certificate does not seem to be in continuous use: "I see this fake certificate just 30 minutes or an hour a day maybe they just test how to sniff their user" wrote the explorer.
Microsoft on Monday evening removed the certificate from the list of allowed certificates with their browsers. That would mean users would be an "invalid certificate" get warning when used in a Google site that rogue certificate, in which case they should refuse the connection tries to log presented.
The discovery is the second time in five months that unscrupulous SSL certificates have been discovered in the wild. In March, hackers cracked the system through the Web Certification from RSA uses and creates a number of new, valid certificates for Google and for six other domains through a certification company Comodo. The rogue certificates were in use for eight days before they withdraw from popular browsers, and more for e-mail programs.
Both incidents have growing concern among security experts about the levels of trust in SSL certification, which are used to create a \ placed created "Web of Trust" can be certified for approved companies several locations, so that users can be confident that their communications are unused. The March to hack Comodo is believed to have been carried out by an Iranian team.
The central weakness in the Web-certification is that any company authorized to issue certificates may be that almost any Web browser as opposed to any valid property trust problem. In order for a certificate for google.com DigiNotar would be familiar from almost any browser, even if a hacker attack, it meant someone who does not Google has been issued.
"How many DigiNotar issued fake certificates are out there that nobody has noticed?" Said Mikko Hypponen, chief research officer at Finnish security firm F-Secure.
Users of the latest version of Google 's Chrome browser would be safe from the attacks in recent months, because it uses a system called "pinning" in which she rejects certificates of all but a limited number of companies that do not contain DigiNotar. However, the DigiNotar certificate was on 10 July issued, and the version of Chrome that would reject the certificate until the 10th August appear, so that a critical time window in which users are already vulnerable to attacks.
The Electronic Frontier Foundation, said:. "The CA has been concern for decades at a time, in the largest online safety idea was to be the protection of the users created by trapped with their credit card numbers petty criminals today rely on Internet users on this system to protect their privacy against nation-states . We doubt it can bear this burden. "
The EFF says Certification Authorities "caught issuing fraudulent certificates in at least half a dozen high-profile cases in the past two years," were, but that the concern is about the most recent that it could have been have used to refer to any number Users of Iranian spy.
Moves are underway in Sierra Leone to empower women by phone and a higher computer literacy
Admire Bio has the reassured presence of a successful businesswoman, with an edge that reveals she is still hungry for more. Bio, 28, a single mother living with her parents, set up her first internet cafe in the Sierra Leone capital, Freetown, only a year ago. She has expanded with two more branches, and plans to go national if she can secure a bank loan.
"My biggest motivation is a challenge \ men," she says, "[get women] to say. 'Yes, I can succeed without you" "
But things 't be easy. "They make people dependent," \ says trillion "For women only get loans with collateral from male relatives. My fiance gave his country. Worse still, it 's usual to be related to sex by Bank staff under pressure when it secure '\ ta man' isn \ s, when women apply for loans. I 'm angry women can' t be alone successfully. "
The swell of Internet users said in their organic coffee is excellent in one way. Access to the Internet and computer skills is an area of ??much needed growth and investment. Only about 0.3% of the population than Internet users (pdf) described as fiber-optic broadband will come only next year. Organic is offering women evening computer courses "them \ stronger".
Meanwhile, mobile phones are ubiquitous in urban areas have at least about 26% of people with a (pdf). In the absence of widespread Internet access, mobile phones have seen as a kind of panacea for development in Africa.
Kenya 's M-Pesa money transfer is in technology development gurus and experts alike as an example of how poverty can be bypassed and the accelerated development celebrated. However, "banking the unbanked" has been put into question by some, as a mobile, often offering money for already wealthy groups.
M-Pesa 's success inspired Sheka Forna returned to his homeland, Sierra Leone, starting at Splash. Since it launched in 2009, Splash has convinced some 100,000 people from leaving real money on virtual kind, as effectively with their SIM cards, bank accounts.
Airtel \ s city dwellers buy a cup of coffee or their wages' s Zap cash transfer service has changed the way Sierra Leone ". But Splash 's growth is slower than the company' s projections, says Forna." We 're a new brand and phone coverage is limited and expensive. Getting agents nationwide splash cash transaction has been hard, with poor literacy and limited mobile-savvy market. "
Facilitating micro-credit repayments by mobile phones was the original motivation for M-Pesa. In Sierra Leone, but the leap in technology with micro loans has been more of a stumble.
Hope Micro was one of the largest microfinance institutions in the country. But it suffered a 20% portfolio loss (about $ 300,000), if half of its customers by default in 2009. "Without a credit rating agency, rather than customers the equivalent of several credit cards It 'sa blow to women - they' re 85% of our customers, \.," Says SD canoe, the institution 's director.
Hope Micro began a six-month pilot project with Splash, the interest (currently 36%) to reduce, and add a competitive advantage. "It was not 't succeed," said Kanu. "Few of our clients are mobile-literate. Splash agents are small shopkeepers and their revenue wasn 't enough to be committed."
To build mobile reading, Splash and Hope Micro, a new pilot project have started: Dispersing \ loans, says canoe "are used to customers, the idea that their money is actually there \ get". In just one month, the pilot has already distributed $ 30,000.
The Sierra Leone-technology market is still in its infancy, says Trina DasGupta, director of mWomen program that seeks to promote female phone ownership with a view to improving access to services and increasing economic empowerment.
Part of the problem is a gap between the genders in telephone ownership, and in Sierra Leone, women are 43% less likely than men own a mobile. "This means that poor women are held in the Finance and Information Services dark times - referring to men who are the primary cell phone owners," she says.
This year, sent the U.S. State Department fact-finding mission of a women's technology experts and entrepreneurs to see how the technology to reduce poverty and close the gap between the sexes.
"It was not 'ta business women' s group to present the delegation," says Naasu Fofanah of UNIPSIL, the UN 's peace-building office. "That was a frightening gap. We know that effective development comes when women are targeted. The same must be true if the improving women 's ability to do business, for example, women' s to finance free access and improve their technological know-how. "
"It 'sa need a genuine culture of entrepreneurship to cultivate the women to grow. As a first step we want to put women on the business card \," she says.
UNIPSIL and local NGOs provide SL with women across the country together to establish a national business network. "If we do this kind of structure that we begin to bridge the gap between urban and rural businesses bridge, for example through technology transfer, networking and training," said Manja Kargbo by Afford-SL.
"\ Yes \, I 'll join a woman' s network" \, says Marvel trillion "I always tell women that they can be like me -. Power through savings and investment business with technology"
Of course, this is, broadly speaking, true for cars, because few of us are going to go into the car-making (or even car-repairing) business. But computers are not like cars. They are machines driven by software, and software is pure "thought-stuff", in other words, something that is accessible to anyone with the requisite curiosity, intelligence and talent. So while teenagers might not be able to make cars, they can certainly get into the software business, because the entry barrier is so low. All you need is imagination, talent, time and persistence. But it really helps if you're schooled in an environment that encourages tinkering and experimentation, rather than one which just preaches utilitarian use of information appliances with "no user-serviceable parts", as the saying goes.
Arduino kit is aimed at anyone who is interested in creating interactive objects or environments. It can monitor its environment by receiving input from sensors, and can affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators. The project has its own programming language and its own development environment - both of which are free. Devices built with Arduino boards can be stand-alone or can communicate with software running on "ordinary" computers. And like the predecessors of the BBC Micro, Arduino stuff can be built by hand or purchased preassembled. It's like a chemistry set for geeks, complete with mind-blowing explosives.
The only question is whether Michael Gove is up for it? Sadly, you only have to ask the question to know the answer.
The latest involves one of the key cases here: the Democratic Underground case. This is the case where the Strategic Agreement between Righthaven and Stephens Media finally came to light, showing that the copyright transfer was a sham. That resulted in the judge dismissing Righthaven from the case. The case kept going, however, because the Democratic Underground had filed a countersuit against Stephens Media to get it into the case. Of course, part of the reason why Stephens helped set up Righthaven in the first place was to avoid having to be involved in these lawsuits. So, ever the dutiful spin-off, Righthaven keeps trying to reinsert itself into the case.
But once again, the judge in the case, Richard Hunt, clear Right Haven 's attempt rejected here (pdf). Hunt says that major reason for the not so Right Haven back in was because the timing of everything, and notes that, even if it 's is now offering a (twice) "changed" agreement to its case , late change it 's the things in this case:
Right Haven argues that the application to intervene is timely, because it brought the motion, shortly after he dismissed from the lawsuit and the elimination of the problems with the SAA by the creation of the amended and restated SAA. The court disagrees. Right Haven intervene filed this case more than 10 months before their application. It is true that Right Haven could not attempt to intervene until he was dismissed, but that's because of the method, at the Right Haven decided to pursue this litigation. Right Haven request is untimely, because 10 months have passed since the submission would have been Democratic Underground intervention as more of its discovery motions dismissed as irrelevant when Democratic Underground was released prejudices, and the reason for the delay was the own production is Right Haven. See, eg, Cal. Department of Toxic Substances Control v. Commercial Realty Projects, Inc., 309 F.3d 1113, 1119 (9th Cir. 2009) (laying out factors to consider timeliness analysis). In fact, the reason Haven Right now trying to intervene to the ruling of the 14th Order by June the creation of standing and rights deal after the fact. This is inappropriate and not the application at the right time.And that 's not all!
The Court is doubtful whether Right Haven can essentially create is in the middle of a case, so that either independently or pursue the case to intervene. Further, the Court asked whether Right Haven even have a legitimate interest under any contract (transfer regardless of the rights allegedly) because Stephens seems the media and Right Haven arrangement very similar to a contingency fee agreement with a company not authorized to practice law.In other words, that the Court amicus brief filed by Todd Kincannon, we 've discussed before you hear it. Kincannon was the lead voice argues that Right Haven engaged in unauthorized practice of law, so it 's interesting to see a judge suggest that he agrees.
See at what point the people at Right Haven finally, it 's time to give up?
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Social networking site rolls swathe of feature enhancements
Facebook has moved to address one of its biggest privacy challenges by finally giving users more control over photos tagged and shared on their profile.
Facebook users have been in any pictures of her friends, uploaded the largest photo sharing site on the net, which hosts an estimated 100 billion photos will be highlighted.
Recognition of one of the most common requests from users, belongs to a new swathe of feature enhancements that are wheeled through the website in the coming days, a new drop-down menu, users now demand to remove her boyfriend photo or even block that friend. Users will also be able to chose to approve or reject any photo they are tagged in before it goes live.
Two other changes in response to Twitter and Google 's rising social networking tool, Google + seen.
Facebook 's status updates is now an option to a site, linking with others in the post to mention - both functions will be familiar with Twitter users - and decided that the post office with friends or the general public split.
Contact in an allusion to the popularity of the "disc" in Google +, which allow users to group, family and friends and provide an adequate level of content sharing, Facebook has said the new sharing option is eventually extended, so that users can decide whether the individual contributions, links and photos to share with certain groups of friends.
"This drop-down menu will be over time expanded to allow smaller groups of people who want to release you, as colleague, friend, you list 'have created and groups that you' re a member of the "said Facebook 's vice president of product, Chris Cox, in a blog post. "This makes it easy to quickly select exactly the audience you need for every post."
These improvements mark a change in tactics for Facebook, the regular user has intensified with its rapid development, politics, rolling out new features without prior notice. Several of them have sparked concerns about the site \ the attitude of privacy, displayed, including the introduction of the now standard news feed in 2006, which users shared 'activities with friends and the Facebook Beacon feature, the user' business activities .
Cox said Facebook had "a better job done" is the consulting stakeholders and studying privacy privacy controls before the introduction of the feature. Six months in development, they also include moving a large part of the privacy and sharing settings on the pages and posts themselves, so they are more accessible.
New features also allow users to other users who are not friends-day, although they need to approve the photo before it goes live, and the replacement option for "Everyone 'has been renamed" public " .
"This won 't the last iteration of our privacy settings," said Cox. "We 're always trying to improve, always with usability testing and more on feeding in the controls, who look to improve content."
Cox pointed comparisons with Google and Twitter +. "People are always talking about Google, no matter what we do, and that 's good - \ We're not using Google to the work that we determine how to Twitter -. It' sa very different service and I 'm not sure, how they will react. We just want to be just about the differences between people sharing behaviors that \. "
The changes will also mean that the opt-in "Places" function on Facebook 's mobile application that share a controversy among the users of its site had caused concerns, will be abolished. Instead, users can choose to add their location to status updates they post.
"The situation is not \ about checking in," said Cox. "Places was more a monolithic function, but we 've flowing exchange of tool and turned it into a joint. \ Taken"
Media reports this week that some speed cameras have failed to reduce accidents - even in places and led to an increase - you ignore the power of random variation
"Speed ??cameras do not cut too many accidents on roads and in fact led to an increase in losses on some routes," says the The Telegraph.
Can this be true? Did Blitzer "failed", to reduce accidents? Did they 'out' an increase in accidents? A little careful consideration shows that these two bold assertions may be wrong.
When considering a large number of speed and works, we would expect by chance alone, that there are some places where the number of accidents after the installation will have increased by a speed camera. This will also happen if the probabilities of an accident actually declined.
Any analysis must take into account randomness. The figures provided by the councils must also allow the people the whole picture that the public information about how variable data are means to get. For example, the City Council Humberside data are only three years on average for victims and collisions, and no indication of the fluctuations around these values.
Whether or not a particular accident will occur is a mathematically random event - it can't be predicted. The number of accidents that happen each hour or each day or each year is a random number that will depend on all sorts of factors, such as the speed limit on the stretch of road on which a particular camera is placed, how busy the road is and the weather. We cannot predict exactly how many accidents there will be in any given time, but we can estimate it with some degree of certainty.
The key to understanding the speed camera data is a value estimate for this measure of security. Statisticians call this number the deviation - how spread out are the numbers. In the case of speed cameras, this is a measure of the variability in the number of accidents. For example, if the number of accidents was about the same every year, then this is a small variance, and if the number of accidents will change dramatically every year, this is a large variance.
Imagine that, whether it be an accident, such as tossing a coin. Is this a fair coin, then the probability of an accident with a car would be half or 50:50. This is the same as saying that it is equally likely that a car does not have an accident or have an accident.
Against this background, we can look at the speed camera claims in the Telegraph. These claims are an example of the prosecutor 's fallacy that occurs when you can have multiple comparisons - for example, over years or between works.
When we trade a 100-coin test, by throwing 10 times each, were the chance to head will naturally be a half. Thus one would expect that if 100 mirrors fair coin 10 times each, chosen on a particular coin coming up heads before would see nine or 10 times, most unlikely.
However, if we are not concerned about the special coin could behave so, then see some coin heads are 9 or 10 times more likely than not would be by chance alone.
As a result, tossing 100 coins would more likely than not lead us to the false conclusion that at least one coin is not fair. We would totally come to the wrong conclusion that some of the coins have a higher probability of landing heads than tails.
When a car accident always corresponds to a head with a coin simply by chance alone, we would expect to see an increase in the number of accidents at some points, although the installation of a radar device.
Free Ride by Robert Levine, Castells and Media by Philip N Howard and Famous Past Lives by Steve Burgess
Free Ride By Robert Levine (Bodley Head, £ 18.99)
The pseudo-gurus of "free" Internet culture are often not as strong as in this contentious and well-researched book by a business reporter refutes "How the Internet is destroying the culture of business, and how the culture of business can be back fighting ". To the idea, for example, that writers can write books and giving away their earnings power of hefty fees to subsidize lectures, Levine replied mischievously: "This works best for authors whose books are practically [...], in PowerPoint form already written. "
His chapter in turn to look at the different online experiences of music, journalism, television, books and movies, and he recommends, finally a version of "blanket license" for the music and perhaps messages managed by ISPs. Levine is particularly interesting on the (deliberately) politics behind the construction and regulation of the Internet, and devastating (in a wonderfully debonair, lawyer-friendly) to the curious way in which taking a few scientists institutional promotion of online giants like Google, and then found - quite by accident, without a doubt - recommend Google-friendly policies in the field of copyright and other issues in their role as public intellectuals. It is unfortunate that just to make the recent events have the luster of the idea, implicitly, the author advocates seem to be that James Murdoch to be the savior of journalism.
Castells and the MediaBy Philip N Howard (Polity, £ 12.99)
An introduction to the work of the sociologist Manuel Castells, who declared a decade ago, that the "Information Society" had given the "network society," says the book concepts such as "self-programmable work" modern media workers required, and applies Castells 's ideas Barack Obama' s "networked" campaign of 2008 and the permanent "beta culture" of late modernity. It is quite interesting in an abstract manner, although with some failures of sound ( Star Trek Fans won 't will appreciate knowing the name "nutty") and some strange exaggerated claims of the type endemic to the field: "In the past it was useful to distinguish between the real world and virtual world or between face-to-face and online interaction. "I think it still make sense, don 't you?
An appendix, now sets some exercises, which I especially like the idea of ??running a 24-hour "\ monitoring diary," noted not only the obvious sources of surveillance (CCTV, web cookies, e-mail protocols) but also ATM machines, public transport cards, supermarket "Loyalty" cards, credit card purchases and the others. It 's enough to dream of a start to go off-grid.
Famous Past LivesBy Steve Burgess (O Books, £ 8.99)
If the reincarnations of William Shakespeare and Queens Elizabeth and Mary really were stalking the planet right now, what are the chances that they would all live in this country and consult the same hypnotherapist-author? Readers to whom this seems improbable may nevertheless be intrigued by the remarkably eloquent testimonies of Burgess's patients, in which we learn that Shakespeare went travelling a lot, enjoyed an affair with Ben Jonson and had a surprisingly inept command of Elizabethan syntax ("I doth learneth").
Past-life regression, it turns out, can use "skin problems", "Cancer" help "relationship challenges" and "stress", and only a cynic would point out that such claims omni effectiveness are characteristic for all quack therapies. Nevertheless, some mainstream treatments would be in "Lisa" (formerly Queen Bess) to live through a sexual encounter with Robert Dudley result, whereupon the author of the comment: "I actually had a 400-year-old royal orgasm experienced" A matching, albeit belated, tribute \ to the summer's wedding.
Steve Jobs 's successor as chief executive faces one of the toughest challenges in its history
Apple 's new chief Tim Cook, Apple vowed to stick' s "unique principles and values ??\", as investors marked his first day as the successor of founder Steve Jobs with the sale of shares and marking the company 's value by more than 5% or around £ 10 billion.
With the acquisition of jobs that are widely regarded as a genius, the world as breakthrough products considered as the iPod and iPhone, faces cook one of the biggest challenges in the company's history, as he strives to maintain Apple 's position as the world' s especially technology companies. Earlier this month, Apple adopted shortly, the oil behemoth Exxon \ the world's most valuable company in just 14 years after flirting with bankruptcy.
In a company-wide e-mail on Thursday, said Cook, who was at Apple for 13 years, the staff: "I want you to be sure that Apple will not change, I appreciate and celebrate Apple 's unique principles and . Steve built a company values ??and culture like no other in the world and we will remain faithful to that -. it is in our DNA, we continue the best products in the world that delight our customers and do. our Staff very proud of what they do. "
The first challenge for Cook 's rule, the expected unveiling of the next versions of its iPhone, widely expected within the next six weeks as Apple wants its leading position in the mobile phone industry, where it from nothingness to increased capitalized with the largest Revenue and profit in nearly five years. In the computer market, still have their little revenue grew faster than the rest of the Windows-based market for 20 consecutive quarters. IPad tablet and its still dominates the rapidly growing market, despite competition from dozens of competitors with Google 's free Android operating system.
Reports said that Jobs spent his final day as chief executive at the Apple campus in Cupertino, California, where he worked a full day, and that he intended to be an "active" chairman of the company.
Although he gave no reason for his departure, announced late on Wednesday, medical observers believe the rare neuroendocrine cancer, for which he was treated in 2004, and the liver transplant he received in April 2009 is attached.
Cook, 50, was until Wednesday, the company 's Chief Operating Officer, and was acting CEO since January. He has been seen for a long time as the natural successor.
But even as investors in the sale of shares - it is recovered to be down only 1.1% - were business analysts that Cook had at least two years, which rely on products to indicate that Apple has been in development.
The departure of Jobs, the visionary who has set in Apple 's philosophy for decades - first 1975-1985 and then from 1997 until this year - was by some investors as a cause for alarm at the company, which now see more valuable than competitors such as Microsoft, Dell and Intel.
But Gartner Research analyst Michael Gartenberg suggested that customers continue to be loyal to the brand. Without jobs, he believes the company 's challenge is the same as it was with him, continue to explore options to procure the bar with entertainment.
"Yes, is the transition for some ... but it does not mean 't, Apple itself is going to change fundamentally," he said. "Sure, Apple 's competition would be foolish to believe this is a situation that they might somehow benefit to \."
Richard Windsor of Nomura said: "by its own account, Apple 's pipeline for several years, so when to stop innovation dead of night it would still be some time before the effect was felt heard that said, the the introduction. next iPhone already delayed the expected worldwide in July is now more important than it already was. If the hardware is not impressive ... then the company can be seen that to lose momentum. \ be "
Richard Gardner of Citigroup advised investors buy the stock if it goes down, Jobs said had laid a strong foundation, and that he expected to win market share for years. "From our perspective, [Cook] is a tough but well-regarded leader who will continue to keep Apple employees to an extremely high standard," he wrote. "
The quiet man with similar objectives
Steve Jobs is known for his temper described, while Tim Cook is a soft-spoken. California Jobs is a new era known for his interest in vegetarianism and spirituality, but Cook, who is from Alabama who loves football. And while jobs enjoyed rock star-like fame, the intensely private cooking wonk for years in secret, an operations center, which labored to make the proverbial trains on time.
But now it can be to cook the things that stocks with jobs that are most important, as he takes over as head of one of the world 's coolest companies. One such feature is sheer competitiveness. "He 's not in it for the fame or the ego or the money. It' s in it to win," said Greg Petsch, his boss at Compaq Computer in the late 90s.
"The guy is a phenomenal operating system executive," said Mark Briggs, chef 's chief at Intelligent Electronics from 1994 to 1997 was. Briggs, remembers a very analytical executive, on metrics that the company 's Supply Chain focuses on outdated. "He just works all the time, that 's life \."
Cook has a strong balance sheet as a stand-in. When Jobs was sick, first in 2004, Koch took over and it went so well he was Chief Operating Officer. In his second stint, got Apple 's warehouse 62%.
Charles Arthur and agencies
Faced with high rents and the Amazon juggernaut bookstores are struggling to survive. 'Use it or lose it' is the message
The news that The Travel Bookshop is set to close is for those who still believe in the importance of such transactions, upset and even more for the employees losing their livelihoods, but it 's an announcement that after a number of closures comes and gloomy headlines for booksellers. Independent bookstores are struggling for a long time now (more than 100 closed in 2009), but shown as the closing of borders in December 2009, chain booksellers are in real trouble too. Borders 'closure left Waterstone' s in the perfect position in the market yet Waterstone 's has still hold to a foreign investor to trade to find. Doubting Given these types of developments, it' s easy, whether brick and mortar bookstores great future at all.
The bookstore I work at, has Housmans in London 's King' s cross in order for more than 60 years, and over this time has had several brushes with the closure - to a certain extent the pressure is nothing new. An expensive libel action, and the closure of adjacent businesses during the King 's Cross "Renovation" dispute were particularly stressful times, especially for us, but all the independents have the storms of the rupture of the net book Weather agreement (which may be used for the heavy discounting of books from mass retailers) and the online market dominance of Amazon, whose practice of price-squeezing publishers and authors to readers may have unrealistic ideas about book prices.
On a day to day, the greatest burden for bookstores is overhead, namely, rates, invoices, wages (almost always very low), and above all to rent. The open insane rental prices in London can be great for landlords, but are crippling many small businesses and workers alike. André Schiffrin 's book Words & Money (Verso 2010) examines the crisis all areas of publishing, and gives some interesting initiatives in France and Germany, where politicians are about the importance of the book trade as part of the broader social fabric in agreement and have for discounts in rates and rents by law to maintain order in bookshops alive. All small businesses are in the shadow of the growing dominance of an oligopoly of corporate dealer sorry, but bookstores particularly at risk because of the profit from each sale is so much smaller than in many other areas.
Perhaps the book trade are themselves partly to blame. We 've hard about how to turn things, and haven' t avoid, self-critically about the work we do. People have high expectations for the bookstores, and we strive to meet them, and offer the services they want. Bookstores make it a hub for the community is important through in-store events and public relations, but also naive transformations and improvements might not be sufficient when added to the core numbers don 't.
On 6 October 2011 we 'll launched an initiative called the Alliance of Radical bookseller, a loose coalition of left-wing political bookshops in the UK. We hope that this will allow us to share ideas, support each other and better communication with the publishers, media and book lovers. It 's important that we get the message that bookstores need support "use us or lose us" is the motto of the day. The extra help may take the form of better deals from publishers, actions in the media, or even preferred terms of national or local government to take, but we would change all love to see the most would get more people through the door and will enjoy to browse and hopefully good advice and a chance to buy off the shelves of well-selected songs in a pleasant environment: Bookstores and what they have to offer.
His perfectionism philosophy permeates everything Apple makes. What future for the company created in his image?
Dictator. Tyrant. Genius Steve Jobs 's wild perfectionism is the stuff of Silicon Valley legend. Much of the entrepreneur 's contractor has with the charismatic, ruthless, ambitious former Apple CEO, a legion of followers, the Apple cult no less constructed than religious devotion - increasingly fanboy geeks too obsessed and management experts design and, more recently, mainstream customer base.
Apple is the exception to the rule of each company. Where the trend is openness and cooperation, Apple's pride of ownership and more united than ever before. Where tech companies when they fail to expand in content, Apple has come to redefine music and is a major player in digital books, television and publishing. And where it is seen as too risky for a company depends on an all-powerful CEO, has Jobs (left) was that person for Apple, a company defined by his personality and vision. Dan Crow, who spent four years as Apple 's senior engineering manager, saw the conversion for jobs back into the company in 1996.
"Within 18 months he 'd been completely redesigned Apple internally and externally and it was really the force of his personality that did it."
Rivals pore over Apple 's methods - from the tiny product groups and strictly enforced secrecy to an internal "University', where companies and analyzed the success strategy, reinforced by an academic. And behind it all is jobs. Wired How 's Frank Rose once wrote that he was "\ far more convincing and ultimately more successful than the chain of glossy-tongued manager."
"Can anyone tell me what MobileMe is meant? \ Do" Jobs barked at a meeting in 2008. "So why do the hell doesn 't it?" He continued, detailed at the beginning of a 30-minute tirade by Fortune magazine. "You 've spoiled Apple' s reputation. You should hate each other, leave each other with abandon."
In 2000, a meeting between Jobs and an education firm ended with Jobs screeching across the table: "You're shit! Your company's shit! It's nothing compared to mine!" his spittle flecking the table, according to the Boing Boing website.
Crow saw the infamous tyranny first hand, working on the development of the Quicktime video software, which manages jobs "every last pixel of the interface". His particular talent for marketing, and his instinct for creating desirable products also come with an intimidating management style. "It will be 'sa perfectionist micromanager and absolutely no compromise to his vision," said Crow.
"The flip side is that you end up building something special - our team ended up building elegant and sophisticated software that we believe didn 't, we were able as part of the building was career defining -. He brings out the best in man \. "
Jobs began his second period of health-related medical leave longer than 18 months, since when he saw always choose lean during public appearances. Although undoubtedly a reflection of his tenacity and commitment to Apple, it has carefully graded stop any sudden dip in Apple 's stock price, and prepared the shareholders minimized for a sequence. Even his departure was the smallest detail. Is Apple \ s 's future jobs with real \ entwine' personality?
"Even though Steve isn 't personally involved in a product is, his philosophy so well understood in the society that it attracts everything from Apple does not \," said Crow.
"It 's hard to see how that influence can remain at the level it is now, because Steve is such a personality, and his influence is a very powerful tool in the company that used to be to maintain standards .
"Although he's surrounded by very smart people from Tim Cook down, that influence will fade over time. Apple is a company founded in his image."
Director Shawn Levy 's' Rocky V Robot Wars 'film looks fabulous technology - but it will push all the right boy' own buttons? Watch the first round of shots here
We 're almost two thirds of the way until 2011 and so far it' s been, if not exactly a vintage, a surprisingly decent for fanboy fare. While there 's something really thought-provoking (eg 2009' s District 9 or in the last year \ my buttons, providing a better price's inception), there were many films that all have the right boy \ been pushed "entertainment than any would have expected: I 'm thinking (especially) source code, Thor, Captain America and Rise of the Planet of the Apes The first looked like Duncan Jones \.'s foray into director-for-hire area, but turned out to be pleasing strange, eerie thriller with a classic Hitchcockian edge, a terrific cast and surprising heart be. The next pair did all that celebrated two of Marvel 's fewer properties can be expected, and this was one very silly, but intensely watchable update the long-running intelligent apes saga. Now, as we head into it in the fall, let \ hope's that our luck holds out, because Real Steel is another of those movies that on paper Flops but when you actually see images of the thing looks surprisingly decent.
The basic idea here is Rocky V Robot Wars, starring Hugh Jackman as a retired, down-on-his-luck ex-prizefighter who decides to build and train a machine to take the popular robot boxing championships. A featurette has just been released to go to the Jackman and cooperation in the background of the story, although I 'm not sure if it really takes a lot to explain. It 'sa strong whiff of two-player "beat-em-up" video game on the battle scenes, with all the colorful fists gave hunks of metal in the competition for the crowd' s attention as a kind of techno Tekken. This is the kind of movie that would be Arnold Schwarzenegger in 2011, what if he were 30 years younger: Jackman in his absence is probably the best available substitute.
Do we really need another movie about giant fighting robots after the execrable Transformers: Dark of the Moon? Probably not, but at least on this occasion the combatants have the good sense to keep their mouths closed. Michael Bay has taught us that giant robots only know how to speak in irritatingly faux-portentous soundbytes, so this is presumably a blessing. It's probably more of a concern that the director here is Shawn Levy, he of the Night of the Museum films, Cheaper by the Dozen and . oh Lord have mercy . the Steve Martin Pink Panther remake. Is this really the guy to add those little touches of class and insight which will make the film stand out?
Real Steel 1950 has decent sci-fi credentials, based on the Richard Matheson story of steel in 1956. The U.S. writer wrote the book I Am Legend, which was the basis of the three films, the Will Smith version of the 2007 Vincent Price horror The Last Man on Earth by 1964, and Charlton Heston vehicle The Omega Man in 1971. Levy has said that typically Mathesonesque dystopian setting of steel is cut out and replaced it with a hotter "Americana" feel that better suits the film 's emphasis on a father (Jackman) re-bond with his estranged son. This doesn 't exactly good - why is it that Hollywood seems to always play so desperately, to the prosaic, "Universal' aspects of a story, if such a ham-fisted tinkering usually only reduce their impact? At least we 're probably spared the grisly old battle vet cliche to be here (I' m thinking of the lovely Burgess Meredith in Rocky) since Jackman 's character in part that fits the glove, but you get the impression that Levy nor can a couple of hokey stereotypes up your sleeves.
On the positive side, Real Steel looks technically fabulous, and I 'm love set the imagination and attention to detail in the design of the various robots. If 2011 is a year of no-brainer semi-brilliance, it might just be worth it, hope that Levy can deliver a well realized popcorn movie (such as one that 's just kitschy contrast). Real Steel comes out in theaters in the U.S. on 7 October and the UK a week later. It can punch above their weight this year 's schedule, or you expect to be prostrate laid the film on the screen before the first round?
Steve Jobs's successor as chief executive faces one of the toughest challenges in corporate history
Apple 's new chief Tim Cook, Apple vowed to stick' s "unique principles and values ??\", as investors marked his first day as the successor of founder Steve Jobs with the sale of shares and marking the company 's value by more than 5% or around £ 10 billion.
With the acquisition of jobs that are widely regarded as a genius, the world as breakthrough products considered as the iPod and iPhone, faces cook one of the biggest challenges in the company's history, as he strives to maintain Apple 's position as the world' s especially technology companies. Earlier this month, Apple adopted shortly, the oil behemoth Exxon \ the world's most valuable company in just 14 years after flirting with bankruptcy.
In a company-wide e-mail on Thursday, said Cook, who was at Apple for 13 years, the staff: "I want you to be sure that Apple will not change, I appreciate and celebrate Apple 's unique principles and . Steve built a company values ??and culture like no other in the world and we will remain faithful to that -. it is in our DNA, we continue the best products in the world that delight our customers and do. our Staff very proud of what they do. "
The first challenge for Cook 's rule, the expected unveiling of the next versions of its iPhone, widely expected within the next six weeks as Apple wants its leading position in the mobile phone industry, where it from nothingness to increased capitalized with the largest Revenue and profit in nearly five years. In the computer market, still have their little revenue grew faster than the rest of the Windows-based market for 20 consecutive quarters. IPad tablet and its still dominates the rapidly growing market, despite competition from dozens of competitors with Google 's free Android operating system.
Reports say that Jobs spent his last day as chief executive at the Apple campus in Cupertino, California, where he was a full day, and that he intends, a "active" Chairman of the company.
Although he gave no reason for his departure, announced late on Wednesday, medical observers believe it is linked to the rare neuroendocrine cancer for which he was treated in 2004, and the liver transplant he received in April 2009.
Cook, 50, was until Wednesday, the company 's Chief Operating Officer, and was acting CEO since January. He has been seen for a long time as the natural successor.
But even as investors in the sale of shares - it is recovered to be down only 1.1% - were business analysts that Cook had at least two years, which rely on products to indicate that Apple has been in development.
The departure of Jobs, the visionary who has set out Apple's philosophy for decades - first between 1975 and 1985, and then from 1997 to this year - had been seen by some investors as cause for alarm at the company, which is now more valuable than rivals such as Microsoft, Dell and Intel.
But Gartner Research analyst Michael Gartenberg suggested that customers continue to be loyal to the brand. Without jobs, he believes the company 's challenge is the same as it was with him, continue to explore options to procure the bar with entertainment.
"Yes, is the transition for some ... but it does not mean 't, Apple itself is going to change fundamentally," he said. "Sure, Apple 's competition would be foolish to believe this is a situation that they might somehow benefit to \."
Richard Windsor of Nomura said: "by its own account, Apple 's pipeline for several years, so when to stop innovation dead of night it would still be some time before the effect was felt heard that said, the the introduction. next iPhone already delayed the expected worldwide in July is now more important than it already was. If the hardware is not impressive ... then the company can be seen that to lose momentum. \ be "
Richard Gardner of Citigroup advised investors buy the stock if it goes down, Jobs said had laid a strong foundation, and that he expected to win market share for years. "From our perspective, [Cook] is a tough but well-regarded leader who will continue to keep Apple employees to an extremely high standard," he wrote. "
The quiet man with similar objectives
Steve Jobs is known for his temper described, while Tim Cook is a soft-spoken. California Jobs is a new era known for his interest in vegetarianism and spirituality, but Cook, who is from Alabama who loves football. And while jobs enjoyed rock star-like fame, the intensely private cooking wonk for years in secret, an operations center, which labored to make the proverbial trains on time.
But now it can be to cook the things that stocks with jobs that are most important, as he takes over as head of one of the world 's coolest companies. One such feature is sheer competitiveness. "He 's not in it for the fame or the ego or the money. It' s in it to win," said Greg Petsch, his boss at Compaq Computer in the late 90s.
"The guy is a phenomenal operating system executive," said Mark Briggs, chef 's chief at Intelligent Electronics from 1994 to 1997 was. Briggs, remembers a very analytical executive, on metrics that the company 's Supply Chain focuses on outdated. "He just works all the time, that 's life \."
Cook has a strong balance sheet as a stand-in. When Jobs was sick, first in 2004, Koch took over and it went so well he was Chief Operating Officer. In his second stint, got Apple 's warehouse 62%.
Charles Arthur and agencies
