Saturday, August 4, 2012

BrainGate The implant can decode signals from the brain of a patient load and a robotic arm to reach and capture

A woman who lost use of his legs after a devastating blow for nearly 15 years took a sip of coffee to guide a robotic arm with their thoughts.

, 58, used a brain implant to control the robot and make a thermos of coffee to his lips, the first time he had eaten nothing since he left paralyzed and unable to speak by a catastrophic movement of the brainstem.

Doctors

hailed the feat as the first demonstration of an implant that directly control a robotic arm to grasp and long term through sensors and decode signals from the patient's brain.

The work is part of a U.S. clinical trial of an experimental implant called BrainGate that doctors consider it a first step toward devices that can bypass the damage to the nervous system and allow people paralyzed regain control of their amputated limbs or prosthetic move.

"At first I had to concentrate and focus on the muscles used to perform certain functions," she said. "BrainGate felt comfortable and natural, so I quickly got used to the test. "

an article published in the journal Nature, researchers describe experiments in which the woman, known only as S3, and a 66-year-old known as T2, which is used to control the implant two different conceptions of the robotic arm. The device size of a pill that is surgically implanted a few millimeters in the motor cortex in the brain surface, where its 96 hair thin electrodes pick up the patient's neural activity.

In a series of sessions, patients learned to control the robot arm and pick up foam balls, imagine moving his arm and hand. Neither the patient can control the robotic arm and the natural movements of the arm, but doctors were still happy with his progress.

The man who took part in the trial had a brain stem stroke in 2006. In describing the experience later - by spelling out the letters with his eyes - said: "I just imagine moving my arm and [the robot] arm to where I wanted to go."

BrainGate The device plugs directly into the brain, but protrudes through the skull, where it connects to a computer via a cable. The most advanced equipment is provided which can operate wirelessly and implements out of sight, under the skin.

A concern with brain implants is increasingly losing its ability to detect the nerve signals that forms scar tissue around the ultra electrodes. An encouraging sign is the last event that the doctors could not always save the useful signals from the brain of women five years after implantation was installed.



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